12B-1 Detectability of Small Blood Vessels Using High-Frequency Power Doppler Ultrasound
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Power Doppler imaging of physiological and pathological angiogenesis can be challenging given the presence of small blood vessels and slow flow velocities. Images can be plagued with false-positive color pixels or undetected vessels, thereby complicating the interpretation of vascularity metrics. This paper presents studies of blood vessel detectability using flow phantoms with various combinations of vessel size (160, 200, 250, 300, and 360 mum), flow velocity (4, 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 mm/s), and transducer frequency (30 and 40 MHz), while varying the wall filter cut-off velocity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under ROC curves indicate that good vessel detection performance can be achieved with a 40-MHz transducer for flow velocities ges 2 mm/s and with a 30-MHz transducer for flow velocities ges 1 mm/s.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".