The promise of utilizing civil society actors to achieve citizenship for migrant farm workers in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Temporary migrant workers provide vital labour to the Canadian agricultural industry. Although these workers are entitled to basic social rights while in Canada, such as employment standards and occupational health and safety (OHS) laws, these rights are regularly violated. These workers also have few avenues for political participation in Canada. The author argues that the framework of citizenship provides a powerful way to advance a social justice agenda for temporary migrant farm workers because of the implications of labour migration for the democratic citizenship of the domestic population. To ensure the social rights of local workers and the democratic character of the Canadian state, migrant workers, while in Canada, must be able to realize their social rights and also play some role in determining the laws to which they are subject. By examining two case studies from Canada, the author finds that civil society actors can act as agents to help migrant farm workers achieve citizenship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.032 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".