Carrier-sense protocols for packet-switched smart antenna basestations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Researchers have recently considered the use of smart antennas in various packet-switched data networks. Previously, a single-beam system was described which employs a smart antenna basestation, operating in carrier-sense (CSMA) mode. Performance improvements are obtained by having the antenna dynamically point pattern nulls in the direction of interfering stations, thus reducing the frequency of channel collisions. In this paper, we consider the reverse-link performance of stations accessing a smart antenna basestation using multibeam SDMA. A basic CSMA/SDMA protocol is first proposed for this type of system. Following this, we also present a CSMA/SDMA protocol which incorporates basestation/portable signalling which mitigates the effects of hidden stations. The performance of these systems is characterized and compared using analytical throughput and capacity models. It is shown that when hidden stations are present, the capacity performance of the more sophisticated protocol may be much higher than that of the basic version.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".