Dynamics of Friendship in Selected Novels of Chinua Achebe and Isdore Okpewho
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study is prompted by the urge to enhance the quality of friendship in life. The urge to enhance the quality of friendship in life emanates from the rampant abuse of the indispensable relationship. The focus of the study on friendship aims at highlighting positive friendship attitudes just as it targets to criticise and proscribe negative ones. This bipolar objective of the study is pursued for the purpose of conceptualising ideal friendship dynamics, and concurrently, improve the quality of friendship among people. Consequently, three novels each of Chinua Achebe (Achebe) and Isdore Okpewho (Okpewho) are x-rayed in the study to identify, explain and evaluate identified variants of friendship in them. From the stable of Achebe the following novels are purposively selected for the study: Things Fall Apart (TFA), Anthills of the Savannah (Anthills) and No Longer at Ease (NLAE), while from the canon of Okpewho these are selected: Tides, Call Me by My Rightful Name (CMBMRN) and The Victims (Thevics). The named novels are selected, because they are perceived to have unfolded such patterns of friendship which very much reciprocate real life friendships. Relying on the theoretical premise which explicates friendship as a sharing of love, the study has, by means of an analytical discussion of the friendship dynamics unfolded in the reference novels, shown that friendship in quasi broad taxonomical terms is either false or true. True friendship, noted in the study to be selfless and intimate, following Baconian notion of the concept, is friendship par excellence and as such anchors on St. Paul’s notion of altruistic love by which it is conceptualised as a sharing of love between friends who could be homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on their sex distribution which tallies or varies respectively. The practical implications of the foregoing major findings are that friendship, to be perpetual, thrives on mutual desirables, especially mutual counselling, chastisement, apology and forgiveness as situations may prompt and abominates betrayal, insincerity, dishonesty and redundancy. The pragmatic import of the major findings of the study is that humanity cannot do without sharing altruistic love as conceptualised by St. Paul in 1st Corinthians. 13: 4-13 which translates to universal friendship: love-anchored relationship in every sphere of life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".