Beetroot Juice Supplementation Does Not Improve Performance of Elite 1500-m Runners
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Dietary nitrate supplementation with beetroot juice (BR) has received widespread attention as an ergogenic aid. However, recent evidence in well-trained cyclists has not consistently reported improved cycling economy or performance. The present study examined the effects of acute and chronic BR supplementation on V˙O2 during submaximal running and 1500-m time trial (TT) performance of elite distance runners. METHODS: Eight male 1500-m runners (V˙O2peak, 80 ± 5 mL·kg·min; 1500-m personal best, 3:56 ± 9 s) participated in this study. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, subjects supplemented with BR or a nitrate-free BR placebo (PL) for 8 d separated by at least 1 wk. On days 1 (acute) and 8 (chronic), subjects ingested 210 mL of BR (19.5-mmol nitrate) or PL and completed a submaximal treadmill run and 1500-m TT on an indoor 200-m track. RESULTS: Plasma nitrate increased from 37 ± 15 to 615 ± 151 μM (acute) and 870 ± 259 μM (chronic) after BR supplementation. There were no V˙O2 differences between conditions at 50%, 65%, and 80% V˙O2peak (acute PL, 4194 ± 90 mL·min; chronic PL, 4216 ± 95 mL·min; acute BR, 4192 ± 113 mL·min; chronic BR, 4299 ± 92 mL·min). The 1500-m TT was unaffected by acute or chronic BR supplementation (acute PL, 4:10.4 min:s ± 2.5 s; chronic PL, 4:11.4 min:s ± 2.7 s; acute BR, 4:10.7 min:s ± 1.5 s; chronic BR, 4:10.5 min:s ± 2.2 s). However, two subjects improved their TT performance after acute (5.8 and 5.0 s) and chronic BR supplementation (7.0 and 0.5 s). CONCLUSIONS: Acute and chronic BR supplementation did not reduce running V˙O2 or improve 1500-m TT performance of a group of elite distance runners, but two responders to BR were identified.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it