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The BABAR detector
B. Aubert, A. Bazan, A. Boucham, D. Boutigny, I. De Bonis, Julien Favier, J.-M. Gaillard, A. Jérémie, Y. Karyotakis, T. Le Flour, J. P. Lees, S. Lieunard, P. Petitpas, P. Robbe, V. Tisserand, K. Zachariadou, A. Palano, G.P. Chen, J.C. Chen, N. D. Qi, G. Rong, P. Wang, Y. S. Zhu, G. Eigen, P. L. Reinertsen, B. Stugu, B. Abbott, G. S. Abrams, L. Amerman, A. W. Borgland, A. B. Breon, David Norvil Brown, J. Button‐Shafer, A. R. Clark, Syed Mohd Fairuz Syed Mohd Dardin, C. T. Day, S.F. Dow, Q. Fan, I. A. Gaponenko, M. S. Gill, F. Goozen, S. Gowdy, A. V. Gritsan, Y. Groysman, C. Hernikl, R. G. Jacobsen, R.C. Jared, R. W. Kadel, J. A. Kadyk, Armin Karcher, L. T. Kerth, I. Kipnis, S. Kluth, J.F. Kral, R. Lafever, C. LeClerc, M. E. Levi, S. A. Lewis, C. Lionberger, T. Liu, Ming-Ming Long, Linqing Luo, G. Lynch, P. Luft, E. Mandelli, M. G. Marino, K. Marks, C.A. Matuk, A. Meyer, R. Minor, A. Mokhtarani, M. Momayezi, M. Nyman, P. J. Oddone, J. Ohnemus, D. Oshatz, S. Patton, M. Pedrali-Noy, A. Perazzo, C. Peters, W.L. Pope, M. Pripstein, D. R. Quarrie, J. Rasson, N. A. Roe, A. Romosan, M. T. Ronan, V. Shelkov, R. Stone, P. Strother, A. V. Telnov, H. von der Lippe, Th. Weber, W.A. Wenzel, G. Zizka, P. Bright-Thomas, C. M. Hawkes, A. Kirk, D. J. Knowles, S.W. OʼNeale, A. T. Watson, N. K. Watson, T. Deppermann, H. Koch, J. Krug, M. Kunze, B. Lewandowski, Κ. Peters, H. Schmuecker, M. Steinke, J.C. Andress, N. Barlow, W. Bhimji, N. Chevalier, P. J. Clark, W. N. Cottingham, N. De Groot, N. Dyce, B. Foster, A. Mass, J.D. McFall, David Wallom, F. F. Wilson, K. Abe, C. Hearty, J. A. McKenna, D. Thiessen, B. Camanzi, T. J. Harrison, A. K. McKemey, J. Tinslay, E.I. Antohin, V. E. Blinov, A. D. Bukin, D.A. Bukin, А. Р. Бузыкаев, M. Dubrovin, V. B. Golubev, V. Ivanchenko, G. M. Kolachev, A. A. Korol, E. A. Kravchenko, S.F. Mikhailov, A. P. Onuchin, A. A. Salnikov, S. I. Serednyakov, Yu. I. Skovpen, V. I. Telnov, A. N. Yushkov, J. Booth, W. T. Ford, M. Mandelkern, S. Pier, D. P. Stoker, G. Zioulas, A. Ahsan, K. Arisaka, C. Buchanan, S. Chun, R. Faccini, D. B. MacFarlane, S. Prell, S. Rahatlou, G. Raven, V. Sharma, S. Bürke, D. Callahan, C. Campagnari, B. Dahmes, D. Hale, P. A. Hart, N. Kuznetsova, S. Kyre, S. L. Levy, O. Long, A. Lu, J. May, J. D. Richman, M. S. Witherell, S. Yellin, J. Beringer, J. DeWitt, D.E. Dorfan, A. M. Eisner, A. Frey, A. A. Grillo, M. Grothe, C. A. Heusch, R. P. Johnson, W. Kroeger, W. S. Lockman, T. Pulliam, W.A. Rowe, H. F-W. Sadrozinski, T. Schalk, R. E. Schmitz, B. A. Schumm, A. Seiden, E.N. Spencer, M. Turri, W. Walkowiak, M. Wilder, D. C. Williams, E. Chen, G. P. Dubois-Felsmann, A. Dvoretskii, J. E. Hanson, D. G. Hitlin, Yu. G. Kolomensky, S. Metzler, J. Oyang, F. C. Porter, A. Rýd, A. Samuel, M. Weaver, S. Yang, R. Y. Zhu, S. Devmal, T. L. Geld, S. Jayatilleke, G. Mancinelli, B. T. Meadows, M. D. Sokoloff, P. C. Bloom, B. Broomer, E. Erdos, S. Fahey, F. Gaede, W.C. van Hoek, D. Johnson, A.K. Michael, U. Nauenberg, A. Olivas, H. Park, P. Rankin, J. Roy, S. Sen, J. G. Smith, D.L. Wagner, J. Blouw, J. L. Harton, M. Krishnamurthy, A. Soffer, W. H. Toki, D. Warner, R. J. Wilson, J. Zhang, T. Brandt, J. Brose, G. Dahlinger, M. Dickopp, R. S. Dubitzky, P. Eckstein, H. Futterschneider, M. L. Kocian, R. Krause, R. Müller-Pfefferkorn, K. R. Schubert, R. Schwierz, B. Spaan, L. Wilden, L. Behr, D. Bernard, G. R. Bonneaud, F. Brochard, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Ferrag, G. Fouque, F. Gastaldi, P. Matricon, P. Mora de Freitas, C. Renard, E. Roussot, S. T’Jampens, Ch. Thiebaux, G. Vasileiadis, M. Verderi, A. Anjomshoaa, R. Bernet, F. Di Lodovico, S. Playfer, J.E. Swain, M. Falbo, C. Bozzi, S. Dittongo, M. Folegani, L. Piemontese, A. Cotta Ramusino, E. Treadwell, F. Anulli, R. Baldini-Ferroli, A. Calcaterra, R. de Sangro, D. Falciai, G. Finocchiaro, P. Patteri, I. M. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, Y. Xie, A. Zallo, S. Bagnasco, A. Buzzo, R. Contri, P. Fabbricatore, S. Farinon, M. Lo Vetere, M. Macrı́, S. Minutoli, M. R. Monge, R. Musenich, M. Pallavicini, R. Parodi, S. Passaggio, F. Pastore, C. Patrignani, Maria Grazia Pia, C. Priano, E. Robutti, A. Santroni, R. Bartoldus, T. Dignan, R. Hamilton, U. Mallik, J. Cochran, H. B. Crawley, P. Fischer, J. Lamsa, R. McKay, W. T. Meyer, E. I. Rosenberg, J.N. Albert, C. Beigbeder, M. Benkebil, D. Breton, R. Cizeron, S. X. Du, G. Grosdidier, C. Hast, A. Höcker, H. M. Lacker, V. Lepeltier, A. M. Lutz, S. Plaszczynski, M. H. Schune, S. Trincaz-Duvoid, K. Truong, A. Valassi, G. Wormser, O Alford, D. Behne, R. M. Bionta, J. D. Bowman, V. Brigljević, Arnold Brooks, V.A. Dacosta, O. Fackler, D. Fujino, M.J. Harper, D. J. Lange, M. Mugge, Thomas G. O’Connor, H.E. Olson, L. Ott, Eric Parker, B. Pedrotti, M Roeben, X. Shi, K. van Bibber, T. Wenaus, D. Wright, C. Wuest, B. Yamamoto, M. Carroll, P. Cooke, J. R. Fry, E. Gabathuler, R. Gamet, M. George, M. Kay, S. J. McMahon, A. Muir, D. J. Payne, R. J. Sloane, P. Sutcliffe, C. Touramanis, M. L. Aspinwall, D. A. Bowerman, P. D. Dauncey, I. Eschrich, N.J.W. Gunawardane, R. Martin, J. Nash, D.R. Price, P. Sanders, D. Smith, D.E. Azzopardi, J. J. Back, P. Dixon, P. F. Harrison, D. Newman-Coburn, R.J.L. Potter, H. W. Shorthouse, M. Williams, P.B. Vidal, G. Cowan, S. George, M.G. Green, A. Kurup, C. E. Marker, Patrick J. McGrath, T. R. McMahon, F. Salvatore, I. Scott, G. Vaitsas, D. N. Brown, C. L. Davis, Yan Li, J. Pavlovich, J. Allison, R. J. Barlow, J. Boyd, J. Fullwood, F. Jackson, A. Khan, G. Lafferty, N. Savvas, E.T. Simopoulos, R. J. Thompson, J. H. Weatherall, Robert L. Bard, C. Dallapiccola, A. Farbin, A. Jawahery, V. Lillard, J. Olsen, D. A. Roberts, J. Schieck, G. Blaylock, K. T. Flood, S. S. Hertzbach, R. Kofler, C. S. Lin, S. Willocq, J. Wittlin, B. Brau, R. Cowan, F. Taylor, R. K. Yamamoto, D. Britton, Robert Fernholz, Martin Houde, M. Milek, P. M. Patel, J. Trischuk, F. Lanni, F. Palombo, J. M. Bauer, M. Booke, L. Cremaldi, R. Kroeger, M. Reep, J. Reidy, D. A. Sanders, D. J. Summers, J-F. Arguin, Martin Beaulieu, J.P. Martin, J.Y. Nief, R. Seitz, P. Taras, A. Woch, V. Zacek, H. Nicholson, C.S. Sutton, C. Cartaro, N. Cavallo, G. De Nardo, F. Fabozzi, C. Gatto, L. Lista, D. Piccolo, C. Sciacca, N. M. Cason, J. M. LoSecco, J.R.G. Alsmiller, T.A. Gabriel, T. Handler, J.L. Heck, M. Iwasaki, N. B. Sinev, R. Caracciolo, F. Colecchia, F. Dal Corso, F. Galeazzi, Moreno Marzolla, Giovanna Michelon, M. Morandin, M. Posocco, M. Rotondo, S. Santi, F. Simonetto, R. Stroili, E. Torassa, C. Voci, P. Bailly, M. Benayoun, H. Briand, J. Chauveau, P. David, L. Del Buono, J.F. Genat, O. Hamon, Ph. Leruste, F. Le Diberder, H. Lebbolo, J. Lory, L. M. Garcia Martin, F. Martínez-Vidal, L. Roos, J. Stark, S. Versillé, B. Zhang, P.F. Manfredi, L. Ratti, V. Re, V. Speziali, E.D. Frank, L. Gladney, Qinghua Guo, J. Panetta, C. Angelini, G. Batignani, S. Bettarini, M. Bondioli, F. Bosi, M. Carpinelli, F. Forti, A. Gaddi, D. Gagliardi, M. A. Giorgi, A. Lusiani, P. Mammini, M. Morganti, F. Morsani, N. Néri, A. Profeti, E. Paoloni, F. Raffaelli, M. Rama, G. Rizzo, F. Sandrelli, G. Simi, G. Triggiani, M. Haire, D. Judd, K. Paick, L. Turnbull, D. E. Wagoner, J. Albert, C. Bula, M.H. Kelsey, C. Lü, Kirk T. McDonald, V. Miftakov, B. Sands, S. F. Schaffner, A. J. S. Smith, A. Tumanov, E. W. Varnes, F. Bronzini, A. Buccheri, C. Bulfon, G. Cavoto, D. Del Re, F. Ferrarotto, F. Ferroni, K. Fratini, E. Lamanna, E. Leonardi, M. A. Mazzoni, S. Morganti, G. Piredda, F. Safai Tehrani, M. Serra, C. Voena, R. Waldi, P. Jacques, M. Kalelkar, R. J. Plano, T. Adye, B. Claxton, J. Dowdell, U. Egede, B. Franek, S. Galagedera, N.I. Geddes, G. P. Gopal, J. Kaÿ, J. Lidbury, S. Madani, S. Metcalfe, G. Markey, Peter M. Olley, M. Watt, S. Xella, R. Aleksan, Pierre Besson, P. Bourgeois, P. Convert, G. De Domenico, A. de Lesquen, S. Emery, A. Gaidot, S. F. Ganzhur, Z. Georgette, L. Gösset, P. Graffin, G. Hamel de Monchenault, S. Hervé, M. Karolak, W. Kozanecki, M. Langer, G. W. London, Violeta Borges Marques, Brigitte Mayèr, P. Micout, J.P. Mols, J.P. Mouly, Y. Pénichot, J. Rolquin, B. Serfass, J.C. Toussaint, M. Usseglio, G. Vasseur, Christophe Yèche, M. Zito, N. Copty, M. V. Purohit, F. X. Yumiceva, И. Адам, Adeyemi Adesanya, P.L. Anthony, D. Aston, J. Bartelt, Jacek Becla, R. Bell, E. D. Bloom, C. T. Boeheim, A. M. Boyarski, R. Boyce, D. Briggs, F. Bulos, W. G. Burgess, B.L. Byers, G. Calderini, R. Chestnut, R. Claus, M. R. Convery, R. Charles Coombes, L. R. Cottrell, D. P. Coupal, D. Coward, W. Craddock, S. DeBarger, H. DeStaebler, J. Dorfan, M. Doser, W. Dunwoodie, John Dusatko, S. Ecklund, T. Fieguth, D. Freytag, T. Glanzman, G. Godfrey, G. Haller, Andrew Hanushevsky, John Harris, A. Hasan, C. Hee, T. Himel, M.E. Huffer, Tzu-Chiao Hung, W. R. Innes, C. P. Jessop, H. Kawahara, L. Keller, M. King, L. Klaisner, H. Krebs, U. Langenegger, W. G. J. Langeveld, D. W. G. S. Leith, Stephanie Louie, S. Luitz, V. Lüth, H. L. Lynch, J. McDonald, G. Manzin, H. Marsiske, T. Mattison, M. McCulloch, M. McDougald, D. McShurley, S. Menke, R. Messner, M. Morii, R. Mount, D. R. Müller, David J. Nelson, M. Nordby, C. P. O’Grady, L. Olavson, F. G. O’Neill, G. Oxoby, P. Paolucci, T.J. Pavel, Joseph Perl, M. Pertsova, S. Petrak, G. Putallaz, P. Raines, B. N. Ratcliff, R. Reif, S. H. Robertson, L.S. Rochester, A. Roodman, J. J. Russel, L. Sapozhnikov, O. H. Saxton, T. Schietinger, R. H. Schindler, J. Schwiening, G. Sciolla, J.T. Seeman, V.V. Serbo, S. Shapiro, K. Skarpass, A. Snyder, E. Soderstrom, A. Soha, S. M. Spanier, A. Stahl, P. J. Stiles, D. Su, M. K. Sullivan, M. Talby, H.A. Tanaka, J. Va'vra, S. R. Wagner, R. Wang, T. Weber, A. J. Weinstein, J. L. White, U. Wienands, W. J. Wisniewski, C. C. Young, Ning Neil Yu, P. R. Burchat, C. H. Cheng, D. Kirkby, T. I. Meyer, C. Roat, R. Henderson, Naeem Khan, S. Berridge, W. Bugg, H.O. Cohn, E. L. Hart, A. W. Weidemann, T. Benninger, J. M. Izen, I. Kitayama, M. Turcotte, F. Bianchi, M. Bóna, F. Daudo, B. Di Girolamo, D. Gamba, P. Grosso, A. Smol, P.P. Trapani, D. Zanin, L. Bosisio, G. Della Ricca, L. Lanceri, A. Pompili, P. Poropat, M. Prest, I. Rashevskaia, E. Vallazza, G. Vuagnin, R. S. Panvini, C.L. Brown, A. De Silva, R. Kowalewski, D. Pitman, J. M. Roney, H. R. Band, E. Charles, S. Dasu, P. Elmer, J. R. Johnson, J. Nielsen, W. Orejudos, Y. Pan, R. Prepost, J. Walsh, S. L. Wu, Z. Yu, H. Zobernig, T. B. Moore, H. Neal
Bibliographic record
VenueNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment · 2002
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle Detector Development and Performance
Canadian institutionsTRIUMFUniversity of VictoriaUniversité de MontréalMcGill UniversityUniversity of British Columbia
FundersInstitute of High Energy PhysicsIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesNorges ForskningsrådSLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryAlexander von Humboldt-StiftungBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungAlfred P. Sloan FoundationHigh Energy PhysicsU.S. Department of EnergyNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPhysicsDetectorNuclear physicsSilicon photomultiplierMuonTime projection chamberResistive touchscreenCherenkov detectorCharged particleElectronTracking (education)Cherenkov radiationPhotomultiplierOpticsScintillatorElectrical engineering
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.145
Threshold uncertainty score0.485
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.145 | 0.126 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.060
GPT teacher head0.361
Teacher spread0.301 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations1,354
Published2002
Admission routes1
Has abstractno