CaSm-Mediated Cellular Transformation Is Associated with Altered Gene Expression and Messenger RNA Stability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CaSm (cancer-associated Sm-like) was originally identified based on elevated expression in pancreatic cancer and in several cancer-derived cell lines. CaSm encodes a 133 amino acid protein that contains two Sm motifs found in the common small nuclear RNA proteins and the LSm (like-Sm) family of proteins. Compared with normal human prostate tissue and primary prostate epithelial cells, some primary prostate tumors and prostate cancer-derived cell lines have elevated CaSm expression. Expression of antisense CaSm RNA in DU145 cells results in reduced CaSm protein levels and less transformed phenotype, measured by anchorage-independent growth in vitro and tumor formation in severe combined immunodeficient mice in vivo. Additional data shows that adenoviral delivery of antisense CaSm inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cell lines by altering cell cycle progression, and is associated with reduced expression of cyclin B1 and CDK1 proteins. Consistent with failure of antisense-treated cells to enter mitosis, microarray analysis identified altered expression of NEK2 and nucleophosmin/B23. Although the mechanisms by which CaSm contributes to neoplastic transformation and cellular proliferation are unknown, it has been shown that the yeast homologue (spb8/LSm1) of CaSm is required for 5' to 3' degradation of specific mRNAs. We provide data consistent with a similar role for CaSm in human cells, supporting the hypothesis that elevated CaSm expression observed in cancer leads to destabilization of multiple gene transcripts, contributing to the mutator phenotype of cancer cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".