Brazilian Public Controllership Institutions – Theory versus Practice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The creation of a General Controllership (CGU) in the executive branch of the Brazilian federal government in 2003 brought in its wake the creation or transformation of a variety of institutions in public controllership at the state level. We have assumed that this development resulted from the needs of public managers for institutions that can not only monitor the actions taken by the public administration but also provide information useful to government managers, but this assumption needs to be tested. This article investigates whether the functions actually performed by the institutions of the Brazilian public controllership match the controllership functions defined in the literature. We studied a sample of 14 Brazilian public sector controllership institutions, one at the federal level and 13 at the state level. We found that in addition to contributing to the decision process, the studied public controllership institutions provided public managers with a means of monitoring the activities of public programs. Therefore, the data demonstrate that the functions performed by the institutions of Brazilian public controllership conform with the definitions of controllership functions found in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".