Mechanisms of Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Muscle and Liver
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Insulin Resistance occurs as a result of disturbances in lipid metabolism and increased levels of circulating fatty acids that accumulate within the insulin sensitive tissues such as muscle, liver and adipose tissues.Increased fatty acid flux has been suggested to be strongly associated with insulin resistant states such as obesity and type 2-diabetes.Fatty acids appear to cause this defect in glucose transport by inhibiting insulin -stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and reducing IRS-1 associated phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase activity that implicate other insulin signaling components downstream of the insulin signaling cascade.A number of different metabolic abnormalities may increase intramyocellular or intrahepatic fatty acid metabolites that induce the disease state of insulin resistance through a number of different cellular mechanisms.The current review point out the link between enhanced FFA flux and activation of PKC and how it impacts on both the insulin signaling in muscle and liver.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".