Two-Dimensional FDTD Inverse-Scattering Scheme for Determination of Near-Surface Material Properties at Microwave Frequencies
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports a two-dimensional time-domain inverse-scattering algorithm based upon the finite-difference time-domain method for determining near-surface material properties at microwave frequencies. The time-domain nature of this technique allows for limiting the region of inversion using causality. The algorithm traces a search trajectory in the (/spl epsiv//sub r/, /spl sigma/) parameter space. The minimal parameter estimation error along this trajectory yields a set of approximate parameter values. It is shown that the algorithm's convergence and robustness with respect to broadband Gaussian noise depends on the shape and the duration of the illuminating electromagnetic wave pulse chosen for the electrical parameter reconstruction. It is possible to achieve an unambiguous indication of algorithm convergence despite the noisy background.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it