Complications after Hip Arthroscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives: There is very little published literature looking at comprehensive complication rates after hip arthroscopy with current techniques and indications. Methods: Between 01/2011 and 11/2012, 1,026 consecutive hips (507 males, 519 females) with a mean age of 31.2 years (range 12 - 73) underwent hip arthroscopy at three institutions. The diagnosis, demographic information, and procedures were recorded, and a validated complications grading classification for hip joint surgery (Clavian classification) was utilized for all patients prospectively. Results: There were 951 primary hip arthroscopies and 75 revision hip arthroscopies. Arthroscopy was performed for FAI in 936 hips (91.2%), and 760 hips (74.1%) had a labral repair and 229 hips (22.3%) had a labral debridement. The most common event (18.7% of hips) noted was post-operative sensory disturbance adjacent to the portals or involving the distal anterolateral thigh consistent with LFC nerve disturbance. This was typically not noticed by patients and found on physical examination and only persisted beyond 6 months in 7 hips (0.7%). Iatrogenic chondral injury was noted for 20 hips (1.9%), iatrogenic labral puncture in 11 hips (1.1%), superficial portal infection in 6 hips (0.6%), sensory deficit about the foot in 9 hips (0.9%), deep venous thrombosis in 3 hips (0.3%), pulminary embolism in 1 hip (0.1%), pulmonary edema in 1 hip (0.1%), wound hematoma in 2 hips (0.2%), perineal numbness (pudendal nerve) in 9 hips (0.9%), heterotopic ossification in 4 hips (0.4%), reflex sympathetic dystrophy in 1 hip (0.1%) and wound/skin (traction) dehiscence in 1 hips (0.1%). There were no femoral neck fractures, iatrogenic instability, AVN, or extra-abdominal fluid extravasation in this cohort. The overall complication rate not including temporary periportal and thigh numbness (sequalae) was 6.9% (71 hips). Overall 88.7% had a grade 1, 5.6% Grade 2, 4.2% grade 3, and 1.4% grade 4 complication. There was no difference in the rate of complications between males and females (p=.221), primary vs revision cases (p=.159) or labral repair vs debridement (p=.173), and BMI had no effect on complication rate. Conclusion: The overall complication rate after hip arthroscopy was 6.9% and higher than previously reported in the literature. This rate of complications is in line with complication rates after open surgical dislocation using the same classification system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".