« Rats des villes et rats des champs » : populations urbaines et populations rurales du Québec au recensement de 1901
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Les données manuscrites du recensement de 1901, devenues disponibles depuis peu, sont utilisées ici pour cerner les principales caractéristiques de la population québécoise au tournant du XXe siècle. En cette période de transition démographique et d'urbanisation, les contrastes observés entre milieu rural agricole et milieu rural non agricole et entre milieux urbains de taille diverse permettent de mettre au jour certaines conséquences des phénomènes en cours : au plan démographique, des rapports de masculinité et des structures par âge variables selon les milieux, tout comme les niveaux des principales composantes démographiques et la composition des ménages ; au plan socioculturel, le caractère nettement plus homogène du milieu rural et son retard en matière d'alphabétisation ; enfin, au plan socioéconomique, des structures professionnelles contrastées dont la transformation en ville est synonyme, notamment, de possibilités d'emploi accrues pour les femmes et l'ensemble des migrants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".