The effects of fishing on demersal fish communities of the Scotian Shelf
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Since the 1970s, average individual weight of commercially targeted demersal fish on the Scotian Shelf (Canada) decreased by 51% on the eastern shelf and by 41% on the western shelf. For both systems, the integrated community size spectrum showed long-term declines in proportions of large fish and survey cpue of most targeted species. In the east, these changes were coincident with a doubling of fishing effort and a decline in bottom temperatures to the lowest value observed in 50 years. In the west, fishing effort more than doubled while bottom temperatures reached the highest value in 50 years. In both areas, declines in survey cpue and average weight were more prevalent for target species than for non-target species. Since introduction of the closure of the cod fishery on the eastern shelf in 1993 and the restrictions on landings on the western shelf, average weights and the community size structure have stabilized. In the east, this stability is associated with increasing bottom temperatures; in the west it is concurrent with high bottom temperatures. I conclude that both fishing and changes in bottom temperature have influenced demersal fish size but that the relative effects cannot be determined from current observations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".