Formation of Soy Protein Isolate Cold‐set Gels: Protein and Salt Effects
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The influence of protein and calcium concentration on soy protein cold‐set gel formation and rheology has been investigated. Cold‐set gels can be formed at soy protein concentrations from 6% to 9% and calcium concentrations from 10 to 20 mM. Gel properties can be modulated by changing the protein and/or CaCl 2 concentrations. An increase in CaCl 2 concentration from 10 to 20 mM increased gel opacity while an increase in protein concentration from 6% to 9% decreased opacity. Water‐holding capacity improved with increasing protein concentration and decreasing CaCl 2 concentration. The elastic modulus (G') increased with protein and calcium chloride concentrations. Microscopy revealed an increase in the diameters of aggregates and pores as CaCl 2 concentration increased and as protein concentration decreased. Cold‐set gels with a broad range of characteristics can be obtained from soy protein.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it