Optical and meteorological properties of smoke‐dominated haze at the ARM Southern Great Plains Central Facility
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The optical and meteorological properties of smoke‐dominated haze at the Southern Great Plains Central Facility of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program from 1997 to 2001 are presented. Aerosol optical properties for smoke‐dominated haze vary with season at the ARM site, with an inter‐seasonal mean single scattering albedo, Ångström exponent, hemispheric backscatter fraction and hygroscopic growth factor of 0.91 ± 0.03, 2.0 ± 0.1, 0.14 ± 0.02 and 1.6 ± 0.2, respectively. In addition, the local seasonal direct radiative forcing for smoke haze ranges from −0.25 to −3.14 Wm−2. Relative to smoke‐free periods, months with enhanced smoke are characterised by reduced cloud cover, increased shortwave radiation, lower liquid water path and precipitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".