An Acetylation Switch Modulates the Transcriptional Activity of Estrogen-Related Receptor α
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications are instrumental to achieve gene- and tissue-specific regulatory outcomes by transcription factors. Nuclear receptors are dynamically modulated by several types of posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation. The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha, NR3B1) is phosphorylated on multiple sites, and sumoylated in the amino-terminal region in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Here we demonstrate that ERRalpha interacts with and is acetylated by p300 coactivator associated factor (PCAF) in vitro and in mouse liver. Purified PCAF acetylated the DNA-binding domain of ERRalpha on four highly-conserved lysines. In addition, coexpression of PCAF reduced the transcriptional activity of ERRalpha and, reciprocally, a deacetylase screen identified histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and sirtuin 1 homolog (Sirt1) as independent enhancers of ERRalpha transcriptional function. HDAC8 and Sirt1 were also demonstrated to interact directly with ERRalpha in vivo and to deacetylate and increase the DNA binding affinity of ERRalpha in vitro. The removal of PCAF increases the DNA binding of ERRalpha in vivo, whereas the removal of Sirt1 and HDAC8 decreases it as assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Altogether, our results show that ERRalpha is an acetylated protein and imply the existence of a dynamic acetylation/deacetylation switch involved in the control of ERRalpha transcriptional activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".