An Animal Model for the Tickborne Flavivirus—Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The tickborne encephalitis (TBE) serocomplex of flaviviruses consists primarily of viruses that cause neurologic disease; these viruses include Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV), a virus that is genetically related to other TBE serocomplex viruses but that circulates in an ecologically distinct niche and causes markedly different human disease. The objective of this study was to examine a potential small-animal model for OHFV and to compare the pathology of infection with that of the neurotropic tickborne flavivirus, Powassan virus (POWV). POWV-infected BALB/c mice demonstrated typical arboviral encephalitis, characterized by paresis and paralysis before death, and viral infection of the cerebrum, characterized by inflammation and necrosis. In contrast, lethal OHFV infection did not cause paralysis or significant infection of the cerebrum but showed marked involvement of the cerebellum. Distinct pathological results in the spleens suggest that the immune response in OHFV-infected mice is different from that in POWV-infected mice. This study demonstrates a clear pathological difference between OHFV-infected mice and POWV-infected mice and supports the use of the BALB/c mouse as a disease model for OHFV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".