Is emotional Stroop interference linked to affective responses? Evidence from skin conductance and facial electromyography.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In two experiments, we examined affective responses and attentional bias toward threat. We compared three dimensions of affective responses (subjective, expressive, physiological) to negative and neutral stimuli in high and low anxious participants and examined whether these responses correlated with attentional interference in an emotional Stroop task. We used an evaluative conditioning procedure to manipulate the affective value of stimuli subsequently used in a Stroop task. We measured facial EMG (Experiment 1), skin conductance (Experiment 2), and subjective evaluations (both experiments). High anxious participants displayed Stroop interference from negatively conditioned stimuli. Both high and low anxious participants showed increased facial expressions and physiological arousal to negatively conditioned stimuli during the Stroop task. Findings suggest that differences between high and low anxious participants are more important in the cognitive processing of threat than affective reactions to threat.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".