Incorporating non-key traits in selecting the Pinus radiata production population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three of the traits considered of most economic importance in the genetic improvement of Pinus radiata D. Don, termed as ‘key’ traits, are tree diameter (a proxy for stem volume), wood density and wood stiffness. A number of other traits (non-key traits) may be of equal importance to growers depending on where and for what purpose the trees are being grown. Two such non-key traits are: resistance to the needle blight caused by Dothistroma septosporum (Dorog.) M. Morelet, and reduced heartwood content. Data from two trial series (each planted at two sites, from a total of some 330 families (189 were half-sib and 142 were full-sib) with 10 to 30 individuals assessed per family) were analysed to determine the effect forwards selection of key traits had upon genetic gains of these two non-key traits. Multivariate analysis for each trial provided estimates of trait narrow-sense heritabilities (h2) and genetic correlations between traits. Density was the most heritable trait assessed (ĥ2 0.50 to 0.72) with heartwood ring number (0.21 to 0.35), acoustic velocity (0.40), resistance to Dothistroma septosporum (0.20 to 0.34) and stem diameter (0.11 to 0.25) being less heritable. Wood properties were adversely correlated with growth rate to varying degrees. To estimate the impact of differing technical weights on multiple traits a selection index model was used. Strong positive genetic correlations (r g 0.69 to 0.87) between resistance to Dothistroma septosporum and stem diameter means that strong selection for stem diameter after severe Dothistroma attack assures genetic gain in resistance to Dothistroma septosporum. Strong selection for stem diameter compromised wood properties due to adverse correlations between the two. Heartwood ring number was almost uncorrelated with the other key traits, density and stiffness, meaning that zero or slight negative gain would be expected via indirect selection. In such instances, it is advocated that key traits be selected for in the breeding population using a selection index and that non-key traits such as heartwood be selected using independent culling in the production population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".