Environmental heterogeneity and the spatial structure of fern species diversity in one hectare of old‐growth forest
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The precise relationship between species diversity and spatial heterogeneity has not often been investigated using quantitative and repeatable measures of environmental variation. In this study, we map the metre‐level distribution of fern species in one hectare of old‐growth forest and test for a relationship between diversity and heterogeneity of physical features and soil conditions. The nineteen species recorded in the hectare were non‐randomly distributed and varied greatly in abundance and spatial aggregation. Different. Species distributions were not independent of one another: three groups were formed with species which occurred together significantly more often than random expectation. Physical and soil conditions were highly variable and spatially auto correlated from the 5 m scale up to the extent of the whole hectare. Based on the sites where they grew, species differed in their references for soil moisture, fertility and pH. Fern diversity was highest at sites with high soil moisture and low soil fertility: however, there was no relationship between diversity and the environmental variance within quadrats. Unpredictable spatial distribution patterns produced by processes of dispersal and immigration may obscure any relationship between diversity and spatial heterogeneity at this fine scale.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it