Ventrolateral Prefrontal Neuronal Activity Related to Active Controlled Memory Retrieval in Nonhuman Primates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is controversial whether monkeys, like human subjects, can recall, upon instruction, specific information about an event in memory. We therefore tested macaque monkeys on a task that was originally developed to study such active controlled memory retrieval in human subjects and we were able to demonstrate that monkeys, like human subjects, can retrieve, upon command, specific components of previously encoded events. Furthermore, following earlier functional neuroimaging work with human subjects showing the mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex to be involved in such active controlled retrieval, we recorded single-neuron activity within this region of the monkey brain while the monkeys performed the active retrieval task. Neuronal responses were related to the retrieval and the decision whether the retrieved information was the instructed one. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, an impressive capacity by macaque monkeys for controlled memory retrieval and, in addition, provide neurophysiological evidence about the role of the mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in such controlled retrieval.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".