A G339R mutation in the <i>CTNS</i> gene is a common cause of nephropathic cystinosis in the south western Ontario Amish Mennonite population
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Editor—Nephropathic cystinosis (MIM 219800) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited lysosomal storage disorder with a newborn incidence of about 1 in 100 000-200 000 in the general population (OMIM). Cystine accumulates in lysosomes because of dysfunctional cystinosin mediated transport of cystine out of lysosomes. The accumulation of cystine results in damage to several organs with renal damage being the most pronounced in the first decade of life. Patients with cystinosis experience both tubular dysfunction (renal Fanconi syndrome) and glomerular deterioration. Renal Fanconi syndrome usually occurs within the first year of life with glomerular deterioration progressing throughout the first decade of life resulting in end stage renal failure.1 The CTNS gene was mapped to chromosome 17p13 and subsequently isolated and characterised to have 12 exons spanning 23 kb of genomic DNA.2 3 The most common mutation that causes cystinosis is a large deletion that encompasses exons 1-10.4 Originally, this deletion was described as 65 kb long but the size has been recently refined to 57 257 bases.5 Forty four percent of 108 American based patients with nephropathic cystinosis were homozygous for this deletion.6 At least seven children in the Old Order …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".