Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter aims to summarize the available data on regulation of cardiac development and stem cell differentiation by miRNAs. Heart malformations occur in as high as 1% of newborns, presenting a significant clinical problem in our modern world. The first functional organ in the embryo is the heart and cardiovascular system and the heart is susceptible to congenital defects more than any other organ. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the development of the cardiovascular system. miRNA was initially described as being fundamental for developmental biology first in nematode worms and then in phylogenically more advanced organisms. Many defects of the miRNA machinery are incompatible with correct and/or continued development. On the other hand, pluripotency and cellular differentiation are intricate biological processes that are coordinately regulated by a complex set of factors and epigenetic regulators. As in other tissues, a distinct set of miRNAs is specifically expressed in pluripotent embryonic stem cells. This chapter describes the involvement of miRNAs in normal cardiac development, in congenital heart disease and Down syndrome, and in determining stem cell fate. In particular, the roles of miR-1, miR-133, miR-130a and miR-138 in cardiac development are described as these miRNAs have been experimentally studied in detail.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".