SuperDARN E-region backscatter boundary in the dusk-midnight sector – tracer of equatorward boundary of the auroral oval
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. We compare the locations of the equatorward boundaries of SuperDARN E-region backscatter and Hb emissions, focusing on the dusk-midnight sector of the auroral oval where the proton aurora is statistically located equatorward of the discrete electron aurora. We show that, whenever both boundaries can be simultaneously identified, they are coincident. Our result complements earlier studies, which demonstrated the correspondence between the DMSP b2i boundary and both the equatorward boundary of the proton auroral oval (Donovan et al., 2002), and the equatorward boundary of SuperDARN E-region echoes (Jayachandran et al., 2002). Further, our result shows that, provided there is sufficient precipitating proton energy flux, the SuperDARN radars can be used to monitor the equatorward edge of the proton auroral oval.Key words. Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere; particle precipitation; ionospheric irregularities)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".