Effects of time since stand-replacing fire and overstory composition on live-tree structural diversity in the boreal forest of central Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stand structure diversity is hypothesized (i) to increase with stand development and (ii) to be greater in mixedwood stands than in conifer and broadleaf stands. We examined the effects of time since stand-replacing fire (TSF) and overstory type on stand volume, stand density, and tree-size variability, which is measured using Shannon’s diversity index (H′) and coefficient of variation, in fire-origin boreal forest stands. We sampled 36 stands representing conifer, mixedwood, and broadleaf overstory types, ranging in ages from 72 to 201 years TSF on upland mesic sites in northwestern Ontario, Canada. Stand volume decreased in older mixedwood and broadleaf stands, but followed a U-shaped pattern in conifer stands with TSF. Diameter-at-breast-height-based H′ followed an inverse U-shaped pattern with TSF for all overstory types. Height-based H′ decreased with TSF in conifer and mixedwood stands but peaked at the intermediate age class in broadleaf stands. Diameter-at-breast-height- and height-based coefficient of variation indices followed an inverse U-shaped distribution with TSF. Our results partially supported the two hypotheses, as (i) the 124- to 139-year-old stands were most diverse and (ii) mixedwood stands were more than or as equally diverse as conifer and broadleaf stands, depending on stand development stage and the diversity indices used.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".