Prediction of flow patterns in scoured beds caused by submerged horizontal jets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The basic goal of this study is to present a numerical simulation model for turbulent water flow issued on frozen scoured beds. The model uses a finite volume method to solve the equations of motion and transport equations for two dimensions on a transformed rectangular domain using boundary-fitted coordinates. The internal characteristics of the mean flow of submerged horizontal jets including surface profiles on frozen scoured beds are computed by a two-dimensional k–ε turbulence model. Computations are carried out at different frozen-scoured bed profiles. A staggered grid system is adapted for variable arrangements to avoid the well-known checkerboard oscillations in pressure and velocity. The SIMPLE algorithm is adapted for the computation. No experimental studies were performed during this investigation. The diffusion characteristics of the submerged jet, growth of boundary layer thickness, velocity distribution within the boundary layer, and shear stress at the scour are investigated and compared with the results of others. Key words: boundary-fitted coordinates, local scour, k–ε model, finite volume method, horizontal jets, submerged jets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".