Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Let 𝒞 be a nonempty class of finite groups closed under taking subgroups, homomorphic images and extensions. A subgroup H of an abstract residually 𝒞 group R is said to be conjugacy 𝒞-distinguished if whenever y ∈ R , then y has a conjugate in H if and only if the same holds for the images of y and H in every quotient group R / N ∈ 𝒞 of R . We prove that in a group having a normal free subgroup Φ such that R /Φ is in 𝒞, every finitely generated subgroup is conjugacy 𝒞-distinguished. We also prove that finitely generated subgroups of limit groups, of Lyndon groups and certain one-relator groups are conjugacy distinguished (𝒞 here is the class of all finite groups).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".