Very early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders based on acoustic analysis of pre-verbal vocalizations of 18-month old toddlers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), very early detection has become a key priority research topic, as early interventions can increase the chances of success. Since atypical communication is a hallmark of ASD, automated acoustic-prosodic analyses have received prominent attention. Existing studies, however, have focused on verbal children, typically over the age of three (when many children may be reliably diagnosed) and as high as early teens. Here, an acoustic-prosodic analysis of pre-verbal vocalizations (e.g., babbles, cries) of 18-month old toddlers is performed. Data was obtained from a prospective longitudinal study looking at high-risk siblings of children with ASD who were also diagnosed with ASD, as well as low-risk age-matched typically developing controls. Several acoustic-prosodic features were extracted and used to train support vector machine and probabilistic neural network classifiers; classification accuracy as high as 97% was obtained. Our findings suggest that markers of autism may be present in pre-verbal vocalizations of 18-month old toddlers, thus may be used to assist clinicians with very early detection of ASD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".