Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examines the background seismic noise in the southern Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) using broadband seismic records from Canadian Rockies and Alberta Network (CRANE) and Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN). The cross‐correlations of vertical‐component data reveal highly asymmetric Rayleigh wave signals in the frequency range of 0.02–0.2 Hz. Travel‐time and waveform source migration calculations jointly suggest a persistent noise source near Lesser Slave Lake (LSL), a large ice‐covered lake in Alberta, Canada, during winter months. The source origin remains unclear, though the gravity current and turbulence induced by laterally varying luminosity, ice thickness, lake depth, and lake‐bottom topography could contribute to the observed microseismic signal. Seasonal variations in regional wind energy, ground attenuation, and local industrial and/or recreational activities may also affect the clarity and asymmetry of noise‐correlation functions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".