Modelling, testing, and construction of the first Ductal<sup>®</sup> canopy in the world
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two series of nine architectural shell structures — constructed of a 20 mm thick layer of a new ultra-high performance cement (UPHC) composite with organic fibres (Ductal ® ) — were proposed to form the roofs of a new station for the light rail transit system in Calgary. Each section of the roofs consists of three panels each 6 m × 4.5 m connected to provide an 18 m continuous system. The City of Calgary required testing of a full-scale prototype panel for both static and dynamic responses. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to determine the boundary conditions to be imposed on one edge of the prototype panel during the tests to simulate the presence of the other two in the actual structure. The FEA was also used to determine the critical (independent) snow and wind loading cases. The analyses and the testing procedures for the full-scale instrumented panel are described. The panel withstood both full factored loads without damage. The methods for manufacturing and assembling the canopy and roofs are also described.Key words: UHPC, shell structure, finite element analysis, static test, dynamic test.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".