CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes across the air‐sea interface in the southeastern Beaufort Sea: Ice‐free period
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Surface mixed layer CO2 fugacities (fCO2‐sw) calculated from carbonate system parameters in the southeastern Beaufort Sea during the ice‐free period ranged from 240 to 350 μatm in fall 2003 and from 175 to 515 μatm in summer 2004. The surface mixed layer remains mostly undersaturated with respect to atmospheric CO2 (378 μatm) and, therefore, acts as a potential CO2 sink throughout this period. Air‐sea CO2 fluxes (FCO2) were first computed assuming ice‐free conditions and ranged from −32.4 to +8.6 mmol m−2 d−1 in fall 2003 and summer 2004, respectively. Then we included a reduction factor to account for ice cover (ic) and we computed the resulting fluxes (FCO2‐ic). In fall 2003, FCO2‐ic ranged from −4.7 mmol m−2 d−1 in the relatively open water of the Cape Bathurst Polynya to −0.1 mmol m−2 d−1 in the southeastern Beaufort Sea, limited by the presence of the multiyear sea ice. In summer 2004, FCO2‐ic ranged from −13.1 mmol m−2 d−1 on the western Mackenzie Shelf to +8.6 mmol m−2 d−1 at Cape Bathurst; the variability being ascribed to competing effects of vertical mixing, temperature variations, and possibly biological production. On average, a net sink of −2.3 ± 3.5 mmol m−2 d−1 was estimated for the ice‐free period over the study area. Nevertheless, the FCO2 displays strong variability due to ice coverage, freshwater input, and upwelling events. The potential responses (direction and intensity of potential feedbacks) of the carbon cycle in the study area to a changing Arctic climate are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".