The South African<i>Hordeum capense</i>is more closely related to some American<i>Hordeum</i>species than to the European<i>Hordeum secalinum</i>: a perspective based on the 5S DNA units (Triticeae: Poaceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Several authors have proposed that the European Hordeum secalinum and the morphologically similar South African Hordeum capense are conspecific. In this paper we provide evidence that the two species differ in their 5S DNA unit class composition. We also report on the diversity of 5S DNA units in Hordeum muticum, a South American species. When the 5S rDNA unit class composition for these three species is compared with the unit class composition for all Hordeum species thus far investigated, it appears that H. capense is more closely related to the American Hordeum species containing the long Y2 unit class, than to H. secalinum, which lacks the long Y2 unit class but contains the long X2 unit class found in H. marinum. This analysis suggests H. capense may have originated from a stock common to the South American species, such as H. muticum.Key words: 5S DNA unit class, Hordeum capense, Hordeum secalinum, Hordeum muticum, continental drift.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".