Development of honey bee colonies on the Northern Great Plains of North America during confinement to winter quarters
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SummaryHoney bee colonies confined to winter quarters were monitored from 5 December until 11 March to assess changes in sealed brood production, colony demographics and adult populations during winter confinement. Small amounts of sealed brood were observed to be continuously present in colonies throughout the winter. Enough brood was reared during the winter to produce a small but temporary increase in the adult bee population and to replace most of the adults that died during the winter. Requeened colonies produced slightly more sealed brood during winter than colonies that had retained their original package queen. Approximately 34–50% of the adults in colonies in March had been reared during the winter. In March, the average adult colony was composed of workers that ranged from a few days old to 192 days of age. Average spring adult populations were 13,274 ± 1,078 (range 5,000 to 20,746).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".