Bibliographic record
Abstract
THE SUBJECT OF ALKALI-CARBONATE ROCK REACtivity (ACR) was discussed for the first time as a distinct and separate chapter-length topic in ASTM STP 169B by H. N. Walker [1]. Prior to that, W. C. Hansen, in ASTM STP 169A in 1966 [2], discussed the reactivity of dolomitic limestones, along with the reactivity of other rocks and minerals, under the general heading of chemical reactions. Previous editions of Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials (ASTM STP 169, 1956) and its predecessors ASTM STP 22A, in 1943, and ASTM STP 22, in 1935, did not treat the subject of deleterious carbonate rock reactions because such reactions were not recognized as a distinct problem until identified as such by Swenson in 1957 [3], based on his investigations of expanded, cracked, and buckled concrete in the vicinity of Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.099 | 0.035 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".