A new state record for Aguascalientes, Mexico: Phrynosoma cornutum (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae), the Texas horned lizard
Bibliographic record
Abstract
distributed through North America and range from southern Canada to western Guatemala (Sherbrooke, 2003). The genus comprises 17 species (Leache and McGuire, 2006; Nieto-Montes de Oca et al., 2014) that exhibit exceptional morphological, ecological, and behavioral adaptations to arid environments (Sherbrooke, 1990, 2003). Of these, Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan, 1825) inhabits grasslands and scrublands from central United States southward to the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas from sea level up to 1830 m above sea level (m asl); this species has one of the largest ranges in the genus (Price, 1990). To our knowledge, in Aguascalientes currently 79 species of herpetofauna (17 amphibians and 62 reptiles) are known to occur within the state. Half of these species inhabit the northern and eastern plains (Vazquez-Diaz and Quintero-Diaz, 2005), in the arid portion of the state characterized by natural grasslands and scrublands, and most are typical of the Chihuahuan desert herpetofauna (Morafka, 1977); some of these species have only recently been documented (e.g. Quintero-Diaz et al., 2008; Sigala-Rodriguez et al., 2008; Sigala-Rodriguez and Greene, 2009). However, these arid plains still remain relatively unexplored, because the majority of sampling efforts have focused on the canyons, mountains, and sierras on the western half of the state (Vazquez-Diaz and Quintero-Diaz, 2005). Here, we document the first records of Phrynosoma cornutum from the state of Aguascalientes. During a field trip on 16 July 2008, UOGV collected a male Phrynosoma cornutum ca. 4.7 km S of San Jacinto, Rincon de Romos (22.304219°N, 102.238156°W; datum WGS84; 1785m asl). Three years later, on 15 March 2011, ACA captured a second male P. cornutum near Presa Natillas, 2.4 km NW of Cosio (22.373503°, -102.322239°; datum WGS84; 2054m asl). The first specimen was deposited in the Museo de Zoologia, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM (voucher specimen MZFC 22958). The second specimen was photographed (Fig. 1) and then released in the same place it was captured. The voucher and the photographed specimens were verified by A. Mendoza-Hernandez and T. J. Devitt, respectively. These two specimens represent the first records of the species for the state of Aguascalientes (Fig. 2), and extend the known geographic range of P. cornutum ca. 103 km (straightline) SSW form 3.20 km (by road) E of Illescas, San Luis Potosi (museum specimens LSU 2416-17), and ca. 175 km (straightline) SE from Presa El Cazadero, Rio Grande, Zacatecas (museum specimens USNM 238328-29) (Price, 1990; HerpNET, 2013). The voucher specimen (MZFC 22958) was found inactive on the ground in Opuntia shrubs; and the photographed specimen was found under a large boulder in the bottom of a rock fence in a patch of natural grassland. Herpetology Notes, volume 7: 551-553 (2014) (published online on 3 October 2014)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".