Measurement and Prediction of the Solubility of Stearic Acid Polymorphs by the UNIQUAC Equation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The solubility of stearic acid polymorphs B and C in methanol, 2‐butanone, decane and hexane was measured using a precise gravimetric method. Stearic acid is a molecule with 18 carbons that is highly nonideal in solutions and experimental data show strong deviations from the solubility prediction for ideal systems. It is soluble in both polar and nonpolar organic solvents. From experimental solubility, data the solvent mediated polymorphic transition temperature was found around 30°C. From thermal analysis, temperature and heat of transition from form B to form C and also heat of fusion of form C were found to be 49°C, 20 J/g and 240 J/g, respectively. From experimental solubility data the binary parameters of the universal quasi‐chemical (UNIQUAC) model, for stearic acid were calculated. The UNIQUAC solubility predictions compared very closely with the experimental data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".