Density‐dependent growth of young‐of‐the‐year Atlantic salmon<i>Salmo salar</i>in Catamaran Brook, New Brunswick
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary While density‐dependent mortality and emigration have been widely reported in stream salmonid populations, density‐dependent growth is less frequently detected. A recent study suggests that density‐dependent growth in stream salmonids occurs at low densities, whereas density‐dependent mortality and emigration occur at high densities. To test the hypothesis that density‐dependent growth occurs primarily at low rather than at high densities, we examined the relationship between average fork length and population density of young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) Atlantic salmon at the end of the growing season using a 10‐year data set collected on Catamaran Brook, New Brunswick. We tested whether (1) average body size decreases with increasing density; (2) the effect of density on average body size is greatest at low densities; (3) growth rate will decrease most rapidly at low effective densities [Σ(fork length) 2 ]; (4) density‐dependent growth is weaker over space than over time; and (5) the strength of density‐dependent growth increases with the size of the habitat unit (i.e. spatial scale) when compared within years, but not between years. There was a strong negative relationship between the average body size and population density of YOY Atlantic salmon in the autumn, which was best described by a negative power curve. Similarly, a negative power curve provided the best fit to the relationship between average body size and effective density. Most of the variation in average body size was explained by YOY density, with year, location and the density of 1+ and 2+ salmon accounting for a minor proportion of the variation. The strength of density‐dependent growth did not differ significantly between comparisons over space vs. time. Consistent with the last prediction, the strength of density‐dependent growth increased with increasing spatial scale in the within‐year, but not in the between‐year comparisons. The effect of density on growth was strongest at low population densities, too low to expect interference competition. Stream salmonid populations may be regulated by two mechanisms: density‐dependent growth via exploitative competition at low densities, perhaps mediated by predator‐induced reductions in drift rate, and density‐dependent mortality and emigration via interference competition at high densities.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it