Fasting acylation-stimulating protein is predictive of postprandial triglyceride clearance

Postprandial plasma triglyceride (ppTG) and NEFA clearance were stratified by plasma acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) and gender to determine the contribution of fasting ASP in a normal population (70 men; 71 women). In the highest ASP tertile only, ASP decreased over 8 h (90 ± 9.7 nM to 70 ± 5.9 nM, P < 0.05 males; 61.9 ± 4.0 nM to 45.6 ± 6.2 nM, P < 0.01 females). Fasting ASP correlated positively with ppTG response. ppTG (P < 0.0001, 2-way ANOVA, both genders) and NEFA levels progressively increased from lowest to highest ASP tertile, with the greatest differences in males. By stepwise multiple regression, the best prediction of ppTG was: (fasting ASP + apolipoprotein B + insulin + TG; r = 0.806) for men and (fasting ASP + total cholesterol; r = 0.574) for women. Leptin, body mass index, and other fasting variables did not improve the prediction. Thus, in men and women, ASP significantly predicted ppTG and NEFA clearance and, based on lower ASP, women may be more ASP sensitive than men.Plasma ASP may be useful as a fasting variable that will provide additional information regarding ppTG and NEFA clearance. Postprandial plasma triglyceride (ppTG) and NEFA clearance were stratified by plasma acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) and gender to determine the contribution of fasting ASP in a normal population (70 men; 71 women). In the highest ASP tertile only, ASP decreased over 8 h (90 ± 9.7 nM to 70 ± 5.9 nM, P < 0.05 males; 61.9 ± 4.0 nM to 45.6 ± 6.2 nM, P < 0.01 females). Fasting ASP correlated positively with ppTG response. ppTG (P < 0.0001, 2-way ANOVA, both genders) and NEFA levels progressively increased from lowest to highest ASP tertile, with the greatest differences in males. By stepwise multiple regression, the best prediction of ppTG was: (fasting ASP + apolipoprotein B + insulin + TG; r = 0.806) for men and (fasting ASP + total cholesterol; r = 0.574) for women. Leptin, body mass index, and other fasting variables did not improve the prediction. Thus, in men and women, ASP significantly predicted ppTG and NEFA clearance and, based on lower ASP, women may be more ASP sensitive than men. Plasma ASP may be useful as a fasting variable that will provide additional information regarding ppTG and NEFA clearance. Zilversmit (1Zilversmit D.B. Atherogenesis: a postprandial phenomenon.Circulation. 1979; 60: 473-485Crossref PubMed Scopus (1419) Google Scholar) was the first to propose that postprandial lipemia could be atherogenic. Many investigators have since confirmed the association of delayed triglyceride (TG) clearance with atherosclerosis (2Simons L.A. Dwyer T. Simons J. Bernstein L. Mock P. Poonia N.S. Balasubramaniam S. Baron D. Branson J. Morgan J. 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Short-term intake of conjugated linoleic acid inhibits lipoprotein lipase and glucose metabolism but does not enhance lipolysis in mouse adipose tissue.J. Nutr. 2003; 133: 663-667Crossref PubMed Scopus (49) Google Scholar, 12Saxena U. Witte L.D. Goldberg I.J. Release of endothelial lipoprotein lipase by plasma lipoproteins and free fatty acids.J. Biol. Chem. 1989; 264: 4349-4355Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar, 13Posner I. DeSanctis J. The effects of bovine serum albumin and oleic acid on rat pancreatic lipase and bovine milk lipoprotein lipase.Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. 1987; 87: 137-141Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar). Not only will TG clearance from plasma be delayed but also net uptake by adipose tissue will be reduced. This will result in greater release of NEFAs and partially hydrolyzed chylomicron particles to the systemic circulation, with the result that fatty acid flux to the liver will increase. The rate at which NEFAs are taken up by adipocytes is determined by the rate at which they can be resynthesized into TGs. In vitro studies have shown that both insulin and acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) markedly stimulate glucose uptake (14Germinario R. Sniderman A.D. Manuel S. Pratt S. Baldo A. Cianflone K. Coordinate regulation of triacylglycerol and glucose by acylation-stimulating Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Y. Cianflone K. Sniderman A.D. protein (ASP) glucose in the rat PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Sniderman A.D. R. Cianflone K. ASP glucose in human J. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar) and TG K. Sniderman A.D. protein Biol. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar) in their effects are and (14Germinario R. Sniderman A.D. Manuel S. Pratt S. Baldo A. Cianflone K. Coordinate regulation of triacylglycerol and glucose by acylation-stimulating Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, Y. Cianflone K. 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In vitro studies that ASP may as In with B and plasma ASP, is a decreased TG response to ASP, as in human K. Sniderman A.D. response to in patients with to Invest. 1990; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, X. Cianflone J. J. Sniderman A.D. Plasma protein (ASP) as a of response to ASP in patients with J. Invest. 1998; PubMed Scopus Google that to ASP The of the were to plasma TG and NEFA clearance in stratified by plasma ASP and normal population was of 70 men and 71 women. the 71 women, were to be was not on of these did not the and only for h the of the were to be on that could lipoprotein studies were by the Health and their were a to of their The was to provide the normal and energy intake in which intake is A. E. The role of in J. Scholar). The of body and other and The was of and milk and was by were taken at and 8 h the The were and plasma was at ASP was as J. Cianflone K. Sniderman A.D. release of protein (ASP) and triacylglycerol clearance by human adipose tissue in in the postprandial Res. 1998; Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Google Scholar, S. Sniderman A.D. D. Cianflone K. Plasma and in and J. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). Plasma total and TGs were by Plasma was of apolipoprotein B lipoproteins A. and body in with a to J. and was based on the G. in of and Chem. PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). Plasma NEFA was by was by a and Plasma insulin was by a was a was a are as ± Fasting lipid were by for in Postprandial were by of with multiple on for were and of were by stepwise was for multiple was at P < P = not men and 71 women with diabetes were The are in lipid levels are normal S. J.R. T. Plasma in the as determined with a PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). Fasting plasma ASP and were significantly in than in plasma insulin and were significantly in than in P < the differences were lipid of men and = = ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± apolipoprotein ASP, acylation-stimulating body mass of insulin not total cholesterol; are as ± were by for and in a apolipoprotein ASP, acylation-stimulating body mass of insulin not total cholesterol; are as ± were by for and In and are shown into based fasting levels of plasma ASP, with of in are of In based on from lowest to highest tertile of ASP, is a in body mass fasting plasma of insulin and In the are from lowest to highest ASP tertile in fasting TGs and NEFA with and also and but in the are lipid for men and women based on ASP ASP ± ± ± 9.7 ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± < ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± < ± ± ± < ± ± ± ± ± ± < ± ± ± are as ± on was for with and in a are as ± on was for with and a was and were taken over 8 h Postprandial levels of ASP for tertile for both and are shown in both are over for ASP in the lowest and of In the highest tertile, is a in plasma ASP over the of the h ± 9.7 nM to 70 ± 5.9 nM, P < 0.05 in and 61.9 ± 4.0 nM to 45.6 ± 6.2 nM, P < 0.01 in females). Postprandial TG levels for and in tertile of ASP are in the greatest differences were in males. In postprandial TG levels were progressively and TG clearance progressively delayed from the lowest to the highest tertile of plasma ASP (P < 0.0001, 2-way The in TG at h was and from lowest to highest ASP tertile, 8 plasma TG was significantly increased in the two highest (P < In women, plasma TGs were and clearance delayed only in the highest tertile, with the and lowest tertile (P < 0.0001, 2-way In TG as TG the was significantly more rapid in women with men Fasting and postprandial levels of NEFA are shown in the differences the are much greater in than in In NEFA increased significantly from ± at h to ± at 8 P < in the lowest from ± to ± P < in the and from ± to ± P < in the highest tertile of plasma In in women, plasma NEFA also increased the differences were than in the men. was the with plasma NEFA levels were significantly in the highest tertile of plasma Thus, NEFA increased from ± to ± P < 0.01 in the lowest from ± to ± 0.05 P < in the and from ± to ± P < 0.05 in the highest In in the women only, was a in NEFA at of of adipose tissue correlation were to determine were the ASP, and and with TG clearance. In both as shown in were and both fasting and 8 h plasma ASP with fasting plasma TG NEFA and In and also with these ASP also correlated with and In and correlated significantly only with fasting but not with postprandial plasma TGs the effects men and women, the of the of fasting ASP and TG with postprandial TG and NEFA were fasting TG correlated with postprandial TG in both men and women, the of the were significantly in men = men women, P = that other than fasting TG could have a greater effect in men. Fasting TG could for only a = in men and r = in of the in postprandial shown in is a correlation ASP and TG as as NEFA in both men and women. in the of the are the for men and women, the is significantly greater in men women for both TG and NEFA (P < The ASP and TG are greater in men the men and correlation for men and over fasting ASP < < < < < ASP 8 h < < < < < < < ASP < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < ASP < < < < ASP < < < ASP < < < < < < < < < < < < < < the ASP in ASP from fasting to 8 Unless variables are over fasting P < P < P < in a the ASP in ASP from fasting to 8 Unless variables are stepwise multiple was to determine that predicted postprandial TG ASP, and in were in the By stepwise in the that best predicted postprandial TG was (fasting ASP = + B < + insulin = + TG = r = other additional variables the prediction. In women, (fasting ASP = + = r = 0.574) the best In both men and women, ASP a effect on TG In men women did The of was to the of plasma ASP in normal men and women to the of postprandial fatty acid that TG and NEFA clearance were to plasma ASP in both men and women. the differences the were Postprandial TG and NEFA clearance was more rapid in women than in men. Fasting ASP was significantly in men than in women, fasting insulin and were significantly in women than in men. The are with to more effective TG clearance and fatty acid in women with men G. E. S.A. Patsch W. and determinants of postprandial lipemia from of fasting the In Thromb. Biol. 2003; Scopus Google Scholar, Postprandial plasma response is greater in with for delayed plasma clearance of Invest. 1990; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, G. J.R. Postprandial and atherosclerosis in 1992; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar). is of the determinants of plasma TG clearance. 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In both men and women, was a fasting plasma ASP and plasma TG clearance as as the the fasting plasma ASP, the effective the postprandial TG and fatty acid clearance. In by stepwise multiple a large of the in postprandial TG could be by + for women, + + insulin + for men. of to the did not improve both correlated with fasting The association ASP and postprandial TG was men and women, that for ASP, postprandial TG clearance was was in the of the both ASP and postprandial TG clearance were significantly greater in men. are a of studies that have demonstrated association of fasting ASP with TG and NEFA in K. of protein in and 2003; PubMed Scopus Google to only studies with of have postprandial In postprandial ASP E. P. Plasma protein and adipose tissue expression in and type Biol. 2001; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, K. P. S. N. J. I. but not plasma acylation-stimulating protein is in patients with Thromb. Biol. 2001; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, S. T. 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In both plasma ASP was to these plasma ASP was lower in women than in their greater adipose tissue mass the these are with a decreased of adipose tissue to ASP in normal with normal This the that a plasma ASP adipose tissue a lower plasma ASP adipose tissue This is by in vitro and visceral adipose tissue plasma from men a reduced to ASP than did adipose tissue from women J. N. Cianflone K. of ASP in human adipose J. Physiol. Google Scholar). have demonstrated that from with both increased plasma ASP and reduced specific and response to ASP, from with normal plasma ASP normal and a normal response to ASP K. Sniderman A.D. response to in patients with to Invest. 1990; PubMed Scopus Google Scholar, X. Cianflone J. J. Sniderman A.D. Plasma protein (ASP) as a of response to ASP in patients with J. 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Cianflone K. of the of plasma a of the receptor Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus Google Scholar). of adipose tissue to ASP and reduced of fatty acid could plasma and levels are in men with women. of plasma ASP information to that by fasting TG and may be in to have postprandial This was by from the and of and This was also by and acylation-stimulating protein body mass of insulin the of triglyceride

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