Determination of pharmaceuticals in drinking water by CD‐modified MEKC: Separation optimization using experimental design
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A suite of 12 widely used pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, bezafibrate, gemfibrozil, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, carbamazepine, primidone, sulphamethazine, sulphadimethoxine and sulphamethoxazole) commonly found in environmental waters were separated by highly sulphated CD-modified MEKC (CD-MEKC) with UV detection. An experimental design method, face-centred composite design, was employed to minimize run time without sacrificing resolution. Using an optimized BGE composed of 10 mM ammonium hydrogen phosphate, pH 11.5, 69 mM SDS, 6 mg/mL sulphated beta-CD and 8.5% v/v isopropanol, a separation voltage of 30 kV and a 48.5 cm x 50 microm id bare silica capillary at 30 degrees C allowed baseline separation of the 12 analytes in a total analysis time of 6.7 min. Instrument LODs in the low milligram per litre range were obtained, and when combined with offline preconcentration by SPE, LODs were between 4 and 30 microg/L.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it