The RNA strands of the plus and minus polarities of peach latent mosaic viroid fold into different structures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is believed that peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) strands of both the plus and minus polarities fold into similar secondary and tertiary structures. In order to verify this hypothesis, the behavior of both strands in three biophysical assays was examined. PLMVd transcripts of plus and minus polarity were found to exhibit distinct electrophoretic mobility properties under native conditions, to precipitate differently in the presence of lithium chloride, and to possess variable thermal denaturation profiles. Subsequently, the structure of PLMVd transcripts of minus polarity was elucidated by biochemical methods, thereby permitting comparison to the known structure of the plus polarity. Specifically, enzymatic probing, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and ribonuclease H hydrolysis were performed in order to resolve the secondary structure of the minus polarity. The left domains of the strands of both polarities appear to be similar, while the right domain exhibited several differences even though they both adopted a branched structure. The pseudoknot P8 formed in the plus strand seemed not formed in the minus strands. The structural differences between the two polarities might have important implications in various steps of the PLMVd life cycle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".