A 1.2-V n-p-n-only integrator for log-domain filtering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A simple log-domain integrator that operates nominally with a supply voltage of 1.2 V is proposed. It does not employ p-n-p or positive metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) transistors in the signal path. This has two advantages: (1) It makes the integrator suitable for high-frequency applications. (2) The circuit can be implemented using low-cost bipolar processes rather than the more expensive bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (BiCMOS) processes or the bipolar processes featuring high-quality p-n-p transistors. A third-order Chebyshev prototype filter, employing the proposed integrator, is realized using a semicustom bipolar array. It consumes 282 /spl mu/A per pole for a cutoff frequency of 1.5 MHz, achieving a 40.5 dB dynamic range. For lower biasing currents, the circuit can operate from a supply voltage as low as 0.9 V. Detailed experimental results are reported and discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".