Emploi du ‘futur’ dans le français parlé des élèves d'immersion française
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Notre étude porte sur l'acquisition des variantes du futur par les élèves d'immersion. Tous comme les locuteurs L1, ces élèves emploient trois variantes (le futur périphrastique; le futur fléchi et le présent de l'indicatif) et ils le font au même niveau de fréquence: le futur périphrastique est de loin la plus fréquente. Nous discutons des facteurs éducatifs et sociologiques auxquels on peut attribuer ces résultats inattendus. Ceci dit, les élèves d'immersion expriment aussi parfois le futur avec des formes verbales non natives qui font l'objet d'une étude spéciale. Nous terminons par une micro-étude des variantes du futur périphrastique à la 1 ère personne du singulier.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".