Expression of Cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 and Prostaglandin E Synthase in Bovine Endometrial Tissue During the Estrous Cycle1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In ruminants, endometrial prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) is responsible for luteolysis and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is thought to be involved in maternal recognition of pregnancy. In the present study, healthy uteri were collected from cows at the abattoir, and days of the estrous cycle were determined macroscopically. The uteri were classified into seven groups as Days 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12, 13-15, 16-18, and 19-21 of the estrous cycle. Endometrial scrapings were collected. The expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 mRNAs and proteins and PGE synthase (PGES) mRNA was analyzed by Northern and Western blot. There was no expression of COX-1, either mRNA or protein, on any day of the estrous cycle. In contrast, COX-2 mRNA and protein were expressed at low and high levels on Days 1-12 and 13-21 of the estrous cycle, respectively. The level of expression of PGES was moderate, low, and high on Days 1-3, 4-12, and 13-21 of the estrous cycle, respectively. There were significant correlations between COX-2 mRNA and protein levels and between COX-2 and PGES mRNA levels. COX-1 mRNA and protein are not expressed on any day of the estrous cycle, whereas COX-2 mRNA and protein and PGES mRNA are differentially expressed and regulated in bovine endometrium during the estrous cycle. COX-2, rather than COX-1, is the primary isoenzyme involved in the endometrial production of prostaglandins, and the COX-2 and PGES pathway is responsible for the endometrial production of PGE(2) in the bovine endometrium during the estrous cycle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".