Huge Extrapleural Hematoma Initially Diagnosed as Massive Hemothorax
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report a 50-year-old man who presented with left chest pain after blunt thoracic trauma. A chest radiograph showed a fracture of the left 4th rib. Three days later, worsening chest pain and shortness of breath occurred. A repeated chest X-ray showed a complete opacity of the left hemithorax. The patient was reported to have a massive left hemothorax leading to a shift of the mediastinum to the right. Tube thoracostomy was performed immediately. However, only a small amount of blood-like fluid was drained and the left hemithorax still appeared as a near total opacity on the follow-up chest radiograph. These findings were interpreted as a massive clotted hemothorax. Surprisingly, an emergency video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) revealed no traumatic pleural collections but a huge pleural mass containing a large amount of dark, reddish blood clots. The blood clots were evacuated. No bleeding source was found. The patient made a good recovery and was discharged on the 3rd postoperative day. J Med Cases. 2013;4(4):247-249 doi: https://doi.org/10.4021/jmc1071w
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".