Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new amplitude-phase-locked-loop (AmpPLL) is introduced, using a criterion called maximum windowed likelihood (MWL). Considering an amplitude modulated/frequency modulated (AM/FM) signal in presence of the zero-mean additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), MWL criterion is applied to track the amplitude and the frequency of the signal at the same time. The proposed AmpPLL consists of LTI filters, VCO, mixers and integrators, where the LTI filters are directly defined by the introduced window function. The proposed AmpPLL can be extended to demodulate jointly parameters of an incoming signal with more than one AM/FM component. Simulations show that the proposed AmpPLL is fast in tracking and has a small acquisition time. The proposed AmpPLL is also robust against the variations of the signal power and its phase. These characteristics suit the AmpPLL well for a wide range of applications where there is fading and jitter together.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".