Error performance of a duplex retrodirective array system
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A retrodirective antenna array has the property that it is capable of independently phasing the array elements so that it provides an improved link gain in the direction of the incoming signal without prior knowledge of the position of the source radiator. Many schemes have been proposed to achieve the retrodirectivity including the use of digital signal processing techniques. However, the diverse digital RF communication schemes pose a considerable challenge when it comes to quantitatively measuring the quality of a retrodirective system. Therefore, it becomes necessary to perform the analysis in time, frequency and modulation domains in order to obtain an insight into the RF system performance. Error vector magnitude (EVM) measurements by virtue of their ability to process the signals in full vector (magnitude and phase), provides us with a quantitative figure-of-merit for a digitally modulated signal. This paper presents the simulation model of a retrodirective communication system and its error performance in terms of EVM. The simulation and EVM measurements were performed for the first time on a DSP based half duplex retrodirective system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".