Variability and trends in anticyclonic circulation over the Greenland ice sheet, 1948–2013
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Melting and mass loss on the Greenland ice sheet have accelerated in recent years. Possible causes include broader Arctic warming, reduced snow/ice cover, lowered ice sheet albedo, and changes in atmospheric circulation. Anticyclonic ridging over Greenland leads to southerly advection of warm air and clear‐sky conditions, promoting high melt rates. To examine the relative importance of ridging, we examine direct measures of summer 500 hPa anticyclonic circulation strength and frequency in Greenland from 1948 to 2013, isolating the atmospheric circulation signal from 500 hPa geopotential height variations. Anticyclonic circulation anomalies account for 38–49% of the interannual variability and trend in summer air temperature and melt indices. Vorticity‐detrended geopotential height anomalies explain an additional 13–27% of the variance. We identify an abrupt, persistent shift to strong anticyclonic circulation in central Greenland beginning in 2001, which has contributed to recent increases in Greenland ice sheet melt.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".