Turbulence Models for Flows with Free Surfaces and Interfaces
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Reynolds-averaged equations of motion for turbulent interfacial flows are developed. A new model for the correlation of the mean pressure with the fluctuations of the interface location is introduced. A parameter referred to as turbulent surface tension coefficient is introduced that models the effect of turbulence on increasing the surface tension force. In addition, a model for the correlation of the mean fluctuations of the volume fraction with velocity is presented. A volume-of-fluid-based model is used to simulate the dynamics of the interface between the two immiscible fluids. The new turbulence models are used to simulate a two-dimensional Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at high-Reynolds-number flows. In addition, the turbulence models are used to simulate spreading of a plane turbulent water jet in air.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it