Iraqi Women, Identity, and Islam in Toronto: Reflections on a New Diaspora
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines the intersections of religion and nation in the diasporic imagination of Iraqi Sunni women, and the extent to which these shape their lives and experiences in Toronto. Migrating without the support of their husbands, these women negotiate the boundaries of imagined past and exiled present. Unlike other Muslim immigrants who find support and strength in local communities of Arab Muslims, Iraqi women in Toronto retain strong class and national ties. This study of Iraqi Sunni immigrant women argues that their affiliation to the Iraqi nation-state overshadows their ties to communities of Muslims and Arab groups in Toronto. Dans cet article nous étudions comment religion et nation s'articulent dans l'imaginaire des femmes sunnites de la diaspora irakienne, et jusqu'à quel point leur vie et leurs expériences à Toronto en sont marquées. Ayant émigré sans l'appui de leurs maris, ces femmes cherchent à faire la part d'un passé reconstruit et d'un présent en exil. À la différence des autres immigrés musulmans qui trouvent soutien et force auprès des communautés locales d'Arabes musulmans, ces femmes irakiennes de Toronto maintiennent avec leurs compatriotes de forts liens de classe. Cette étude montre que leur lien à l'État-nation iraquien prend le pas sur celui avec les groupes communautaires arabes et musulmans à Toronto.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".