North Atlantic Oceanic Decadal Variability in the Hadley Centre Coupled Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Hadley Centre coupled model is used to investigate the relationship between the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO), Labrador Sea deep convection, and sea surface temperature variability. It is shown that the model is capable of simulating many features of the observed variability. In particular, the model reproduces the observed relationship between decadal variations in Labrador Sea convection and the NAO. It also has surface temperature anomalies that propagate along the path of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) with a timescale close to that of observed anomalies. A number of sensitivity experiments are performed with the coupled model to understand the underlying mechanisms. Simulations in which the Labrador Sea convection is artificially enhanced and surpressed illustrate a time-lagged impact on the NAC and therefore on sea surface temperature in that region. Further simulations with a sinusoidal forcing of convection confirm the role of Labrador Sea Water (LSW) in determining the timescale for propagation of the surface temperature anomalies. The timescale of surface anomalies moving along the path of the NAC is determined by the movement of LSW at intermediate depths.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".